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Possessive pronouns

B1Pronouns · lesson 34 of 57

Possessive pronouns indicate to whom an object belongs. If I say this is _my_ pencil, the pencil apparently belongs to me. 'My' is a possessive pronoun.

English | Dutch

my | mijn

your | je /[marked] jouw

your [formal] | uw

his | zijn

her | haar

its | zijn

our | ons/onze

your | jullie/je

their | hun

Your: Je / jouw

If we want to stress that the object is owned by you, we use _jouw_ instead of _je_. This is the only possessive pronoun with a marked and un unmarked version.

unmarked | Je wekker heeft ons allemaal wakker gemaakt. | Your alarm clock woke us all up.

marked | Jouw wekker (niet mijn wekker) heeft ons allemaal wakker gemaakt. | Your alarm clock (not my alarm clock) woke us all up.

Its: Zijn

We do not have a translation for 'its' in Dutch, we simply use _zijn_ (his). Here, it does not matter whether the noun is neuter ('het'), feminine, or masculine (both 'de').

Het weer en zijn onvoorspelbaarheid. | The weather and its unpredictability.

De politie maakte zijn cijfers openbaar. | The police published its statistics.

'De politie' is actually a feminine word but in everyday Dutch, the Dutch do not distinguish between masculine and femine words any more (but the Flemish still do). The Dutch sometimes make this distinction for abstract nouns (which sounds rather sophisticated). When in doubt, in everyday Dutch, _zijn_ is acceptable.

Now that you know that _de politie_ is feminine, you can also write _haar_:

De politie maakte haar cijfers openbaar. | The police published its ('her') statistics.

Our: Ons/onze

_Ons_ (our) is inflected according to the noun it precedes. A [de-noun](#/lesson/NounsAndArticles.05) gets _onze_, a [het-noun](#/lesson/NounsAndArticles.04) _ons_.

de auto | the car | onze auto | our car

de auto's | the cars | onze autos | our cars

het huis | the house | ons huis | our house

de huizen | the houses | onze huizen | our houses

Note that a plural noun is always a _de_-noun, regardless of whether its singular form takes _de_ or _het_ as an article. That is why singular 'het huis' becomes 'ons huis', while its plural form is _onze_ _huizen_.

Plural your: Jullie or je?

For the marked form, we always use 'jullie' but when the possessive pronoun is not stressed, we can use both 'jullie' and 'je'. 'Jullie' is the most common form.

Hij heeft jullie boeken bij zich.

Not: Hij heeft _je_ boeken bij zich. | He has brought (plural) your books.

We wachten op jullie ouders.

Not: We wachten op _je_ ouders. | We are waiting for (plural) your parents.

You have to use 'je' if by this, you avoid two instances of 'jullie' in a row.

Hebben jullie je boeken bij je?

Not: Hebben jullie _jullie_ boeken bij je? | Have you brought (plural) your books?

Hebben jullie je ouders gezien?

Not: Hebben jullie _jullie_ ouders gezien? | Have you seen (plural) your parents?

Interrogative pronouns Possessive pronouns in action
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