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'Het', 'hem', and 'ze' turning into 'er'

B2Pronouns · lesson 49 of 57

Inanimate _het, hem_ (it), and _ze_ (them) are the only personal pronouns that turn into [pronominal adverbs](#/lesson/Pronouns.Ad01) when preceded by a preposition.

The same goes for unmarked, singular _ze_ (her), which the Flemish use for singular inanimate feminine nouns. In Dutch, you would use _hem_ as they do not distinguish between feminine and masculine nouns.

preposition + het | | er +preposition

preposition + inanimate hem

preposition + inanimate ze

Note that this only applies to the pronoun _het_, not to the [article](#/lesson/NounsAndArticles.04). The examples below will illustrate the idea.

Examples of _het_ turning into _er_

Hij wacht op het rapport. | He is waiting for the report.

Hij wacht erop.

Not: Hij wacht ~~op het~~. | He is waiting for it.

Het staat op het internet. | It is ('stands') on the internet.

Het staat erop.

Not: het staat ~~op het~~. | It is on it.

Examples of _hem_ turning into _er_

Hij wacht op de trein. | He is waiting for the train.

Hij wacht erop.

Not: Hij wacht ~~op hem~~. | He is waiting for it.

Het staat op de voorpagina. | It is ('stands') on the front page.

Het staat erop.

Not: het staat ~~op hem~~. | It is on it.

Flemish: Singular _ze_ (her) turning into 'er'

In Flanders, we would use the feminine pronoun 'ze' instead of 'hem' because 'voorpagina' is a feminine noun. However, because it refers to an inanimate object, 'ze' also turns into 'er'. Thus, for Flemish students, the last line in the above example should read: "Not: het staat ~~op ze~~."

Examples of _ze_ (them) turning into _er_

Inanimate _ze_ (them) undergoes the same treatment:

Hij wacht op de rapporten. | He is waiting for the reports.

Hij wacht erop.

Not: Hij wacht ~~op ze~~. | He is waiting for them.

Het staat in de kranten. | It is in the newspapers.

Het staat erin.

Not: Het staat ~~in ze~~. | It is in them.

Recall that this only applies to inanimate _ze._ When it refers to persons, we do not replace it by _er_.

Colloquial pronouns Reciprocal pronouns
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