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Prefixes and suffixes

A1Spelling And Pronunciation · lesson 7 of 28

There are two suffixes and one type of prefix that always form a separate syllable, regardless of the consonants that precede or follow after them.

The prefixes: be-, er-, ge-, her-, ont-, and ver-

besturen | be-stu-ren | to steer, to reign | not: bes-tu-ren

gebruiken | ge-brui-ken | to use | not: geb-rui-ken

herindelen | her-in-de-len | to reorganise | not: he-rin-de-len

ontaarden | ont-aar-den | to degenerate | not: on-taar-den

veranderen | ver-an-de-ren | to change | not: ve-ran-de-ren

The suffix: -ische for adjectives

Many Dutch adjectives end in -isch or -ische (inflected). It means something like English -ish.

If we look at -ische, 'i' and 'sche' are separate syllables (which is contrary to the [Rules for dividing a word into syllables](#/lesson/SpellingAndPronunciation.05)).

The [consonant](#/lesson/SpellingAndPronunciation.22) combination "sch" should normally be pronounced as English 'skh'. But in this particular case, we only pronounce 's' (see also: Words with an [irregular pronunciation](#/lesson/SpellingAndPronunciation.24)). We therefore consider 'sch' as one consonant and thus place it at the beginning of the next syllable.

Belgische | Bel-gi-sche | Belgian | not: Bel-gis-che

egoïstische | e-go-is-ti-sche | selfish | not: e-go-is-tis-che

The suffix -thie for nouns and -thisch(e) for adjectives

These (Greek) endings are the equivalents of the English -thy (sympathy) and -thic. In Dutch, the _h_ is not pronounced, -thie simply sounds like the English tea.

We consider the consonant combination th as one. Recall, that when two vowels are divided by only one consonant, the consonant is added to the next syllable.

sympathie | sym-pa-thie | sympathy | not sym-pat-hie

empathische | em-pa-thi-sche | empathic | not em-pat-his-che

The suffix '-achtig'(e) for adjectives

'-achtig' is the Dutch translation for English '-like'

waarachtig | waar-ach-tig | truly | not waa-rach-tig

reusachtig | reus-ach-tig | giant (-like) | not reu-sach-tig

The combination 'ch' Dieresis
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