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''Er(van)'' in the sense of "of it" or "of them"

B2Word Order · lesson 40 of 69

This type of _er_ is hardly different from the previous type. It comes from _ervan_, meaning 'of it' or 'of them'. "I have two of them" translates to "Ik heb er twee (van)".

Because _het_ is combined with a preposition, we use _er_ instead. At some point, the Dutch must have decided to drop the postposition _van_, leaving us with a bare _er_.

[FF](#/lesson/WordOrder.04) | [EHD](#/lesson/WordOrder.09) | [DIROB](#/lesson/WordOrder.16) | [OV](#/lesson/WordOrder.24)

Ik heb | | veel bananen | gegeten

Ik heb | er | veel | gegeten

I have eaten many bananas (many of them).

[FF](#/lesson/WordOrder.04) | [EHD](#/lesson/WordOrder.09) | [DIROB](#/lesson/WordOrder.16) | [OV](#/lesson/WordOrder.24)

We hebben | | twee kleine egeltjes | gezien

We hebben | er | twee | gezien

We have seen two little hedgehogs (two of them).

[FF](#/lesson/WordOrder.04) | [EHD](#/lesson/WordOrder.09) | [DIROB](#/lesson/WordOrder.16) | [OV](#/lesson/WordOrder.24)

Hij heeft | | weinig vrienden | -

Hij heeft | er | weinig | -

He has few friends (few of them).

[FF](#/lesson/WordOrder.04) | [EHD](#/lesson/WordOrder.09) | [TIME](#/lesson/WordOrder.13) | [DIROB](#/lesson/WordOrder.16) | [OV](#/lesson/WordOrder.24)

We hebben | | afgelopen nacht | zoveel vallende sterren | gezien

We hebben | er | afgelopen nacht | zoveel | gezien

We have seen so many falling stars (so many of them) last night!

''Er'' replacing 'het'/'hem' (it) or 'ze' (plural 'it') Extra 'er' at the beginning of a sentence
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