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Formal 'such': Dusdanig and zodanig

A2Pronouns · lesson 14 of 57

_Zodanig_ and _dusdanig_ are formal forms of [zo'n and zulke](#/lesson/Pronouns.De09).

They mean 'such' as in 'of such a nature' or 'of such a degree'. The two mean practically the same.

We use them in cause-and-effect sentences:

formal | Ze hadden zodanige fouten gemaakt, dat het project moest worden afgelast. | The mistakes they had made were such that they had to cancel the project.

Ze hadden dusdanige fouten gemaakt, dat het project moest worden afgelast. | |

common | Ze hadden zulke fouten gemaakt, dat het project moest worden afgelast. | They had made such mistakes, that they had to cancel the project.

As you can see, _zodanig_ and _dusdanig_ are used interchangeably. If you want to know the exact distinction: We use _zodanig_ more often when we talk about 'of such nature' and _dusdanig_ in the sense of 'of such a degree'.

Whether they get -e at the end depends on the word they precede. Before _de_-nouns, we add -e at the end. In this respect, they behave like [adjectives](#/lesson/AdverbsAndAdjectives.01).

Zodanig/dusdanig and 'zo' (so)

In the example above, _zodanig/dusdanig_ precedes a noun and thus behaves as an adjective. It can also say something about a verb or adjective, which makes it an [adverb](#/lesson/AdverbsAndAdjectives.01).

In this case, we often use (exclamative) _zo_.

formal | Ze hadden het dusdanig naar hun zin, dat ze besloten langer te blijven. | They were enjoying themselves to such a degree, that they decided to stay longer.

common | Ze hadden het zo naar hun zin, dat ze besloten langer te blijven. | They were enjoying themselves so much, that they decided to stay longer.

An adverb never receives an extra -e at the end

As you can see, _zo_ is the common form.

formal | De kinderen waren dusdanig moe, dat ze meteen in slaap vielen. | The children were tired to such a degree that they fell asleep immediately.

common | De kinderen waren zo moe, dat ze meteen in slaap vielen. | The children were so tired that they fell asleep immediately.

Such: Zo'n, zulke, and dergelijke Dezelfde and hetzelfde
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