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Conditions without als: Mocht je vragen hebben

C1Style and register · lesson 10 of 13

Dutch can drop _als_ and open a condition with the verb instead: _Heb je vragen, bel me dan_ means "If you have questions, call me". For a polite "should you", the standard choice is _mocht_: _Mocht u vragen hebben, neem dan contact met ons op_. You will meet it in emails from employers, schools, landlords and the _gemeente_ (the municipality).

The pattern

To say "if" without _als_, put the conjugated verb (the form that matches the subject) first, followed by the subject (who or what the sentence is about). The main clause usually picks it up with _dan_ ("then").

Examples

Heb je zaterdag tijd, dan kunnen we Sanne helpen met verhuizen.If you have time on Saturday, we can help Sanne move house.
Mocht u onverhoopt verhinderd zijn, laat het ons dan uiterlijk vrijdag weten.Should you unexpectedly be unable to come, please let us know by Friday at the latest.
Mochten er na het lezen van deze brief nog vragen zijn, dan kunt u contact opnemen met de afdeling Burgerzaken.Should any questions remain after reading this letter, you can contact the Civil Affairs department.
Houden de klachten langer dan een week aan, neem dan contact op met uw huisarts.If the symptoms last longer than a week, contact your GP.
Mocht mijn trein vertraging hebben, dan app ik je even.If my train happens to be delayed, I'll send you a quick message.
Had ik geweten dat er geen treinen reden, dan was ik met de fiets gegaan.Had I known there were no trains running, I would have cycled.
Was Daan niet zo koppig geweest, dan stonden we nu niet in de file.If Daan hadn't been so stubborn, we wouldn't be stuck in traffic now.
Had ik dat maar eerder geweten!If only I had known that sooner!
Was ik maar thuisgebleven.If only I had stayed at home.

Why it works this way

A verb-first condition has the shape of a [yes or no question](#/lesson/yes-no-questions). Picture two lines in a chat: _Heb je vragen? Bel me dan._ Swap the question mark for a comma and the question becomes a condition, with _dan_ as its answer.

Remember: a verb-first condition is a question that answers itself. _Heb ik zondag tijd?_ only wonders; _Heb ik zondag tijd, dan help ik je met de tuin_ makes a promise.

Formal English does this in a few fixed phrases, such as "had I known" and "should you need anything". Dutch uses the pattern much more freely, in the present tense and in everyday speech too.

_Mocht_ is the past form of _mogen_, but in a condition it has nothing to do with permission or the past: _Mocht het morgen regenen_ is about tomorrow. The past form adds distance, much like English "should": possible, but not something you expect. That polite distance is why it closes so many [Dutch emails](#/lesson/emails-and-letters). Compare:

German speakers can map "Sollten Sie Fragen haben" onto _Mocht u vragen hebben_. In Belgium you will also see _moest_ in this sense; in the Netherlands, use _mocht_.

Watch out

Quick check

  1. Choose _mocht_ or _mochten_: _... er problemen zijn met uw bestelling, dan horen wij dat graag._
  2. Fill in one word: _... ik je adres gehad, dan had ik je een kaart gestuurd voor je verjaardag._
  3. Fix the word order: _Mocht de lift het niet doen, dan u moet de trap nemen._
  4. Condition or permission? _Mocht Bas gisteren eerder naar huis?_

Answers

  1. _Mochten_: the subject is _problemen_, which is plural.
  2. _Had_: a verb-first past perfect for something that did not happen.
  3. _Mocht de lift het niet doen, dan moet u de trap nemen._ After _dan_ the verb comes before the subject.
  4. Permission: it is a question with no main clause, so it means "Was Bas allowed to go home early yesterday?"

Use it today

In your next email to a colleague, your landlord or the _gemeente_, end with a _mocht_ sentence of your own, for example _Mocht het dinsdag niet uitkomen, laat het me dan even weten._ Then plan your weekend aloud in verb-first form: _Is het zaterdag droog, dan ..._

← If only: Als ik het had geweten Wishes with maar: Was het maar vrijdag →
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